Refractorylined blast furnace tuyere download pdf info publication number us3341188a. Furnaces and refractories refractory furnace free 30. R e f r a c t o r i e s f o r b l a s t f u r n a c erefractories for blast furnace 3 the chemical physical properties of the products the tables hereinafter show the main average properties of the products. Electric arc furnace hearth ramming mix 6092 yutong. Wear mechanism for blast furnace hearth refractory lining. High temperature mechanical characterisation of an alumina. Service property for refractory is the key effect on the life of blast furnace. Blast furnace stove refractories by bureau of indian standards. Blast furnaces are used to produce pig iron from iron ore for subsequent.
Walking hearth furnace refractory blocks extend through hearth openings stock rests on fixed refractory blocks stock transported in small steps walking the hearth stock removed at discharge end. Measurement of blast furnace refractory lining thickness with a 3d laser scanning device and image registration method article pdf available in isij international 4810. Unshaped refractory magnesium materials includes ramming mix, gunning mix, castables etc. Blast furnaces are highproductivity structures that are prone to internal erosion hazards that majorly affect the lifespan of the blast furnace. The effect of al additions on the properties and microstructures of carbon refractories for blast furnaces was. The typical campaign life of a modern blast furnace is 15 to 20 years, depending on the cooling and refractory design as a whole and the hearth area in particular. Blast furnace refractory lining campaining life starting of blast furnace to shutting down of blast furnace depend on the life of refractory lining which liesa between the inside working volume to that of outer steel sheel, which protects the steel sheel. Scrap is dumped into the furnace vessel, followed by hot metal from the blast furnace. The products are featured with loose, unfixed shape, high purity, and dont need calcinations ramming refractory material is used for the lining of smelting furnace etc thermal equipment such as, blast furnace iron. After a period of accumulation, flow is reversed, and the hot stove is used.
General requirements placed on the operating properties of advanced carbonbased refractory materials intended for the lining of blast furnaces are formulated and technological routes for their achievement are outlined. Pdf blast furnace hearth refractory and coke ash interactions. A blast furnace is a vertical furnace used for iron making. Carbonbased refractories for the lining of blast furnaces. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. With todays large blast furnaces, the main trend in hotblast stoves is toward high temperature and. It should be operated not less than 15 years during one campaign. Analysis, control, and optimization uses a fundamental first principles approach to prepare a blast furnace mass and energy balance in excel. Project standards and specifications page 7 of 33 rev.
Application of carbon composite bricks for blast furnace hearth. With todays large blast furnaces, the main trend in hot blast stoves is toward high temperature and pressure ventilation with dome temperature. Refractory ball can be widely applied in highlow temperature conversion stove, reborner, hydrogenation reformer, desulphurizer and methane reformer in fertilizer plant playing the rold of to support, cover and protect catalyst. Lining refractory an overview sciencedirect topics.
In 1910, a 10company merger created harbisonwalker refractories company, a 33plant operation. Different part of blast furnace features different nature of refractory lining wearing. The blast furnace is presumed to be a complex tribosystem. Inspecting the current thickness of a refractory wall inside an. A tribosystemic approach to refractory lining destruction in blast furnaces. Us3341188a us460896a us46089665a us3341188a us 3341188 a us3341188 a us 3341188a us 460896 a us460896 a us 460896a us 46089665 a us46089665 a us 46089665a us 3341188 a us3341188 a us 3341188a authority us.
Blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top. Refractory material selection for steelmaking the american. One of the attributing factors for higher downtime of furnace is the frequent maintenance of trough refractory working lining. The company garnered accolades for the superior performance of the lucy furnace and began to expand rapidly, pushed in large measure by the explosive growth of the steel industry.
Pdf preparation of ceramicbonded carbon block for blast. Generally, adopt high alumina bricks, fireclay bricks and common carbon brick to build blast furnace lining, which results the short furnace life refractories used in blast furnace mainly include carbon brick, alumina silica refractory and etc. Robust descriptions of the main equipment and systems, process technologies, and best practices used in. Once refined, the liquid steel and slag are poured into separate containers. The hot blast system, incorporating either three or four hot blast stoves per blast furnace, is the other major refractory installation in the blast furnace complex. Design of blast furnace crucibles by means of the nodal wear model. Compatibility study of carbonbased refractory materials. High temperature mechanical characterisation of an alumina refractory concrete for blast furnace main trough. A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. Choose the right furnace lining refractory materials and bricks for the longer. Preparation of ceramicbonded carbon block for blast furnace.
Volume 28, issue 15, november 2008, pages 28592865. A towering cylinder lined with refractory brick to smelt iron from iron. Industry news refractory, refractories, refractory supplier. What is the main process of blast furnace refractory construction. They are made of refractory aggregate, refractory powder, binders and other additives. How the structure of blast furnace survive with so much temperature. It was shown that the deformation of aluminosilicate refractories depends not only upon temperature, load, and hold but also to.
Harbisonwalker handbook of refractory practice 2005. The primary aim for any blast furnace is to minimize the loss in production by reducing the downtime. As a result, refractory lining wear becomes more intense. The latest state of this type of lining in the lower part of the blast furnace is graphite bricks in tight. A thermic penetration model is used to calculate wear of the refractory lining of a blast furnace crucible. Pdf wear mechanism for blast furnace hearth refractory. In the service of blast furnace hot blast stoves the lining and checkerwork fail in individual zones as the result of deformation of the refractories, formation of cracks, and chemical corrosion of the lining under the action of lowmelting dust at high temperatures. The purpose of the refractory lining is to protect the steel shell of the furnace and the. Refractory materials for furnace are a kind of inorganic nonmetallic materials with various excellent performances on application for industrial furnace such as glass furnace, cement kiln, ceramic kiln and coke oven. For this emergency repair there was no time to reengineer the. Blast furnace refractory masonry and blast furnace refractory construction, bottomup can be divided into main processes. The refractory materials and refractory bricks used in diffreent parts of blast furnace are as follows. Traditional refractory materials for blast furnace hearth lining are mainly composed of carbon bricks and the ceramic cup.
Performance characteristics of refractory furnace blocks available from the chep jsc are given, their operational stability is characterized, and recommendations for use are. Blast refers to the combustion air being forced or supplied above atmospheric pressure in a blast furnace, fuel, ores, and flux are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while a hot blast of air sometimes with. Best blast furnace refractory for sale in rongsheng. These properties, verified by internal testings, are merely indicative and. The blast furnace is a huge, steel stack lined with refractory brick, where iron ore, coke and limestone are dumped into the top, and preheated air is blown into the bottom. The refractory lining is cooled to further enhance the protection against the dispatch of excess heat that can destroy the refractory lining. The frequent maintenance is basically the effect of high corrosion and erosion of working lining castable. In the long run, the furnace lining erosion, peeling, local or extensive damage and affect the normal operation of blast furnace.
It is narrow at the top and has an arrangement for the introduction of ore and outlet for gases. Any material expands when heat ed, and contracts when cooled. Ajoy kumar nandy in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of master of technology degree in mechanical engineering with specialization in thermal engineering at the national institute of. Refractory bricks used for different parts of blast furnace. Differentiated use of refractories in blastfurnace hot. Blast furnace stack the refractory material is subjected to attack from co atmosphere, alkalines, and mechanical wear. Refractory ball for hotblast furnace refractory,firebricks. Blast furnace has the advantages of large output, high productivity and low cost, which is unmatched by other ironmaking methods. Refractories, bricks of various shapes used in lining furnaces. Aluminous linings or casings cooled with water without lining. The refractory bricks are produced in the great many shapes required for the correct lining of each. What is the main construction process of refractory. Us5890805a method for monitoring the wear and extending. Iron ore, coke and limestone are put into the top, and preheated air is blown into the bottom.
From top to down a blast furnace is divided into throat, upper stack, middle stack, lower stack, belly, bosh, hearth and bottom. Its also applied in hot blast stove and heating exchange equipment in. Modern blast furnace ironmaking an introduction pdf. Of the several operating cases, the one in which the heater duty is the highest, shall be regarded as the normal case. The principle of blast furnace operational technology and. Particular tolerances, if any, should be indicated at the time of the enquiry and be the subject of tender technical speci. Refractory lining of blast furnace a modern blast furnace bf is refractory lined to protect the furnace shell from the high temperatures and abrasive materials inside the furnace. The stoves act to store heat from the blast furnace waste gases. Choosing the best refractory material for an aluminum furnace. All the three ingredients are crushed into small round pieces and mixed and put on a hopper which controls the input.
In order to make the blast furnace to achieve the purpose of longevity, high efficiency. How a blast furnace works introduction the purpose of a blast furnace is to chemically reduce and physically convert iron oxides into liquid iron called hot metal. Up to 30% of the charge into the bof can be scrap, with hot metal accounting for the rest. A method is provided for online monitoring of the wear of a refractory lining of a blast furnace and for extending the life of said lining. Principles for blast furnace refractory lining inspection.
Blast furnace it is a tall cylindrical furnace made of steel. Schematic diagram of blast furnace inside b control of blast furnace processing by center coke charging hot metal tuyere. A blast furnace is a gigantic, steel stack lined with refractory brick where the concentrated iron ore, coke, and limestone are dumped from the top, and a blast of hot air is blown into the bottom. This model is used for analysis the effect of refractory lining. Provides a large variety of refractory products together with the best value which include blast furnace construction materials such as taphole brick, tuyere, linings for shaft, belly, bosh, bottom, and also consumable materials such as taphole clay, trough castable, and furthermore include refractory construction materials for hot stove. Basic oxygen furnace bof a pearshaped furnace, lined with refractory brick, that refines molten iron from the blast furnace and scrap into steel. Analysis of blast furnace liningcooling systems using. Furnaces and refractories fusion dust and slag or by the action of alkalies on fireclay refractories, to form alkalialumina silicates. The purpose of a blast furnace is to reduce and convert iron oxides into liquid iron called hot metal. Pdf measurement of blast furnace refractory lining. The blast furnace is a huge, steel stack lined with refractory brick.
A tribosystemic approach to refractory lining destruction. Author links open overlay panel ion crudu a mirceapetre ionescu b 1 viorel munteanu b ion. Blast furnace gas it is the byproduct of blast furnaces that is generated when the iron ore is reduced with coke to produce molten iron. In the steel industry, the blast furnace is a process for making molten iron by melting iron ore. The structural problems of this blast furnace are cracks of the steel shell and thickness reductions of the stave and the refractory of hearth part caused by. The regenerative chamber is filled with a checkerwork of refractory brick, heated by the burned gas. The principle of blast furnace operational technology and centralized gas flow by center coke charging. The method includes determining the wear line of the lining from signals of temperature probes embedded at spaced locations across the thickness of the refractory using a one dimensional heat transfer model to locate a first approximation of a. The significance of improving the refractory configuration, the installation methods, and the short turnaround time for the repair will be discussed. When choosing refractory brick used for different lining parts of blast furnace, we should follow some principles. All of these developments have helped result in lower iron costs, increased blast furnace campaign life and improved working conditions for operational and maintenance personnel. More than 10 years, shengiron provide quality products and project services for our clients within the iron, steel and nonferrous industries. The blast furnace body is a huge structure of 50m in height, 20m in width.
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